चेक रिपब्लिक: रिवीजन सभ के बीचा में अंतर

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ज्ञानसंदूक अपडेट
लाइन 1:
{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = चेक गणराज्यरिपब्लिक
| common_name =
| native_name = ''{{lang|cs|Česká republika}}''
| common_namelinking_name = चेक रिपब्लिक
| native_name =
| linking_name = the Czech Republic<!--to link to "[Topic] of the Czech Republic" articles-->
| image_flag = Flag of the Czech Republic.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of the Czech Republic.svg
| symbol_type = ग्रेटर कोट ऑफ आर्म्स
| image_map = EU-Czechia.svg
| national_motto = {{native phrase|cs|"[[Truth prevails|Pravda vítězí]]"|italics=off}}<br />{{small|"Truth prevails"}}
| map_caption = {{map_caption |countryprefix=the |location_color=dark green |region=Europe |region_color=dark grey |subregion=the European Union |subregion_color=green |legend=EU-Czechia.svg}}
| national_anthem = {{vunblist |{{native phrase|cs|[[Kde domov můj?]]|nolink=yes}} |{{raise|0.35em|{{small|''Where is my home?''}}&nbsp;{{lower|0.2em|<sup>a</sup>}}}} |{{center|[[File:Czech anthem.ogg]]}} }}
| image_map2 = Czech Republic - Location Map (2013) - CZE - UNOCHA.svg
| image_map = EU-Czechia.svg
| national_motto = {{native phrase|cs|"[[Truth prevails|Pravda vítězí]]"|italics=off}}<br/>{{small|"Truth prevails"}}
| map_caption = {{map_captionmap caption |countryprefix=the |location_color=dark green |region=Europe |region_color=dark grey |subregion=the European Union |subregion_color=green |legend=EU-Czechia.svg}}
| national_anthem = {{vunblist |{{native phrase|cs|[[Kde domov můj?]]|nolink=yes}} |{{raise|0.35em|{{small|''Where is my home?''}}&nbsp;{{lower|0.2em|<sup>a</sup>}}}} |{{center|[[File:Czech anthem.ogg]]}} }}
| capital = [[Pragueप्राग]]
| official_languages = [[Czech language|Czech]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.czech.cz/en/67019-czech-language |title=Czech language |work=Czech Republic – Official website |publisher=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Czech Republic)|Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic]] |accessdate=14 November 2011}}</ref>
| coordinates = {{Coord|50|05|N|14|28|E|type:city}}
| languages_type = {{raise|0.3em |{{nobold|Officially recognised<ref name="languages">Citizens belonging to minorities, which traditionally and on long-term basis live within the territory of the Czech Republic, enjoy the right to use their language in communication with authorities and in front of the courts of law (for the list of recognized minorities see [http://www.vlada.cz/en/pracovni-a-poradni-organy-vlady/rnm/historie-a-soucasnost-rady-en-16666/ National Minorities Policy of the Government of the Czech Republic], Belorussian and Vietnamese since 4 July 2013, see [http://zpravy.idnes.cz/vietnamci-oficialni-narodnostni-mensinou-fiq-/domaci.aspx?c=A130703_133019_domaci_jj Česko má nové oficiální národnostní menšiny. Vietnamce a Bělorusy]). The article 25 of the Czech [[Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms]] ensures right of the national and ethnic minorities for education and communication with authorities in their own language. Act No. 500/2004 Coll. (''The Administrative Rule'') in its paragraph 16 (4) (''Procedural Language'') ensures, that a citizen of the Czech Republic, who belongs to a national or an ethnic minority, which traditionally and on long-term basis lives within the territory of the Czech Republic, have right to address an administrative agency and proceed before it in the language of the minority. In the case that the administrative agency doesn't have an employee with knowledge of the language, the agency is bound to obtain a translator at the agency's own expense. According to Act No. 273/2001 (''About The Rights of Members of Minorities'') paragraph 9 (''The right to use language of a national minority in dealing with authorities and in front of the courts of law'') the same applies for the members of national minorities also in front of the courts of law.</ref><ref>Slovak language may be considered an official language in the Czech Republic under certain circumstances, which is defined by several laws – e.g. law 500/2004, 337/1992. Source: http://portal.gov.cz. Cited: "Například Správní řád (zákon č. 500/2004 Sb.) stanovuje: "V řízení se jedná a písemnosti se vyhotovují v českém jazyce. Účastníci řízení mohou jednat a písemnosti mohou být předkládány i v jazyce slovenském&nbsp;..." (§16, odstavec 1). Zákon o správě daní a poplatků (337/1992 Sb.) "Úřední jazyk: Před správcem daně se jedná v jazyce českém nebo slovenském. Veškerá písemná podání se předkládají v češtině nebo slovenštině&nbsp;..." (§ 3, odstavec 1). http://portal.gov.cz</ref>}} }}
| largest_city = capital
| languages =
| languages_type = Official language
{{collapsible list |titlestyle=background:none;text-align:left;font-weight:normal; |title=[[minority language]]s
| official_languageslanguages = [[Czechचेक languageभाषा|Czechचेक]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.czech.cz/en/67019-czech-language |title=Czech language |work=Czech Republic – Official website |publisher=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Czech Republic)|Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic]] |accessdate=14 November 2011}}</ref>
| languages_typelanguages2_type = {{raise|0.3em |{{nobold|Officially recognised languages<ref name="languages">Citizens belonging to minorities, which traditionally and on a long-term basis live within the territory of the Czech Republic, enjoy the right to use their language in communication with authorities and in front of the courts of law (for the list of recognized minorities see [http://www.vlada.cz/en/pracovni-a-poradni-organy-vlady/rnm/historie-a-soucasnost-rady-en-16666/ National Minorities Policy of the Government of the Czech Republic], Belorussian and Vietnamese since 4 July 2013, see [http://zpravy.idnes.cz/vietnamci-oficialni-narodnostni-mensinou-fiq-/domaci.aspx?c=A130703_133019_domaci_jj Česko má nové oficiální národnostní menšiny. Vietnamce a Bělorusy]). The articleArticle 25 of the Czech [[Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms]] ensures the right of the national and ethnic minorities forto education and communication with the authorities in their own language. Act No. 500/2004 Coll. (''The Administrative Rule'') in its paragraph 16 (4) (''Procedural Language'') ensures, that a citizen of the Czech Republic, who belongs to a national or an ethnic minority, which traditionally and on a long-term basis lives within the territory of the Czech Republic, havehas the right to address an administrative agency and proceed before it in the language of the minority. In the case thatIf the administrative agency doesn'thas have anno employee with knowledge of the language, the agency is bound to obtain a translator at the agency's own expense. According to Act No. 273/2001 (''AboutConcerning Thethe Rights of Members of Minorities'') paragraph 9 (''The right to use language of a national minority in dealing with authorities and in front of the courts of law'') the same also applies for theto members of national minorities also in front of the courts of law.</ref><ref>The Slovak language may be considered an official language in the Czech Republic under certain circumstances, which isas defined by several laws – e.g. law 500/2004, 337/1992. Source: http://portal.gov.cz. Cited: "Například Správní řád (zákon č. 500/2004 Sb.) stanovuje: "V řízení se jedná a písemnosti se vyhotovují v českém jazyce. Účastníci řízení mohou jednat a písemnosti mohou být předkládány i v jazyce slovenském&nbsp;..." (§&nbsp;16, odstavec 1). Zákon o správě daní a poplatků (337/1992 Sb.) "Úřední jazyk: Před správcem daně se jedná v jazyce českém nebo slovenském. Veškerá písemná podání se předkládají v češtině nebo slovenštině&nbsp;..." (§ &nbsp;3, odstavec 1). http://portal.gov.cz</ref>}} }}
| languages2 =
{{collapsible list |titlestyle=background:none;text-align:left;font-weight:normal; |title=[[minority language]]s
|[[Slovak language|Slovak]] |[[German language|German]] |[[Polish language|Polish]] |[[Belarusian language|Belarusian]] |[[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]] |[[Croatian language|Croatian]] |[[Greek language|Greek]] |[[Hungarian language|Hungarian]] |[[Romani language|Romani]] |[[Russian language|Russian]] |[[Rusyn language|Rusyn]] |[[Serbian language|Serbian]] |[[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] |[[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]]
}}
| demonym = [[Czechs|Czech]]
| ethnic_groups =
{{vunblist
| 64% [[Czechsचेक लोग]]
| 26% unspecifiedअनिर्धारित
| 5% [[Moravians (ethnic group)|Moraviansमोरावियन]]
| 1.4% [[Slovaksस्लोवाक]]
| 0,.4% [[Polesपोल लोग]]
| 3.2% अउरी दूसर
}}
| ethnic_groups_year = 20142011<ref name="Wpr">{{cite web|title=Czech Republic Population 2014|url=http://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/czech-republic-population/|publisher=World Population Review|accessdate=2014-04-147 January 2017}}</ref>
| religion =
| religion = {{vunblist |{{longitem|style=line-height:1.15em|80% non-declared or non-religious}} |10.3% [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]]}}
{{vunblist
| capital = [[Prague]]
|44.7% undeclared
| latd=50 |latm=05 |latNS=N |longd=14 |longm=28 |longEW=E
|{{longitem|style=line-height:1.15em
| largest_city = capital
|34.5% non-religious}}
| government_type = [[Parliamentary republic]]
|10.4% [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]]
| leader_title1 = [[President of the Czech Republic|President]]
|2.2% other Christians
| leader_name1 = [[Miloš Zeman]]
|0.7% other religions
| leader_title2 = [[List of Prime Ministers of the Czech Republic|Prime Minister]]
}}
| leader_name2 = [[Bohuslav Sobotka]]
| demonym = [[Czechs|Czech]]
| government_type = [[Parliamentary republic]] =
| leader_title1 =
| leader_name1 = [[Miloš Zeman]] =
| leader_title2 =
| leader_name2 = [[Bohuslav Sobotka]] =
| legislature = [[Parliament of the Czech Republic|Parliament]]
| upper_house = [[Senate of the Parliament of the Czech Republic|Senate]]
| lower_house = [[Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic|Chamber of Deputies]]
| sovereignty_type = [[History of the Czech Lands|Formation]]
| established_event1 = {{nowrap|[[History of the Czech lands in the Middle Ages|PrincipalityDuchy of Bohemia]]}}
| established_date1 = [[Circa|c.]] 870
| established_event2 = [[Kingdom of Bohemia]]
| established_date2 = 1198
| established_event3 = [[Czechoslovakia]]<br /><small>(Independence from<br />[[Austria-Hungary]])</small>
| established_date3 = 28 October 1918
| established_event4 = [[Constitutional Act on the Czechoslovak Federation|Federalization of Czechoslovakia]]<br /><small>{{nowrap|([[Czech Socialist Republic]])}}</small>
| established_date4 = 1 जनवरीJanuary 1969
| established_event5 = Czech Republic [[Dissolution of Czechoslovakia|Czechbecame Republicindependent]]
| established_date5 = 1 जनवरीJanuary 1993
|established_event6 = {{nowrap|[[2004 enlargement of the European Union|Joined]] the [[European Union]]}}
|established_date6 = 1 मईMay 2004
| EUseats = 24
| area_rank = 116th
| area_magnitude = 1_E10
| area_km2 = 78,866
| area_rank = 115th <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] -->
| area_sq_mi = 30,450 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| percent_water = 2
| population_estimate = {{UN_Population|Czechia}} {{increase}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
| population_estimate = 10,513,209<ref>{{cite web |title=Population|url=http://www.czso.cz/eng/redakce.nsf/i/population |publisher=Czech Statistical Office |date=19 October 2012 |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>
| population_census = 10,436,560<ref>[http://www.scitani.cz/sldb2011/eng/redakce.nsf/i/census_2011_basic_final_results/$File/SLDB-ZAKL-CR_en.xls Census of Population and Housing 2011: Basic final results]. [http://www.czso.cz/eng/redakce.nsf/i/home Czech Statistical Office] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110129060510/http://www.czso.cz/eng/redakce.nsf/i/home |date=29 January 2011 }}. Retrieved on 19 December 2012.</ref>
| population_estimate_year = Sep 2012{{UN_Population|Year}}
| population_estimate_rank = 81st84th
| population_census = 10,436,560<ref>[http://www.scitani.cz/sldb2011/eng/redakce.nsf/i/census_2011_basic_final_results/$File/SLDB-ZAKL-CR_en.xls Census of Population and Housing 2011: Basic final results]. [http://www.czso.cz/eng/redakce.nsf/i/home Czech Statistical Office]. Retrieved on 19 December 2012.</ref>
| population_census_year = 2011
| population_density_km2 = 134
| population_density_sq_mi = 341 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| population_density_rank = 84th87th
| GDP_PPP = $295368.891 659&nbsp;billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/20142017/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=2649&pr.y=1315&sy=20142017&ey=20142017&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=935&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=Czech Republic |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=268 अप्रैलMay 20142017}}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_year = 20142018
| GDP_PPP = $295.891 billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=26&pr.y=13&sy=2014&ey=2014&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=935&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=Czech Republic |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=26 अप्रैल 2014}}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_rank = 50th
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $2836,086784<ref name=imf2 />
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 39th
| GDP_nominal = $198196.537 068&nbsp;billion<ref name=imf2 />
| GDP_nominal_year = 20142018
| GDP_nominal_rank = 49th
| GDP_nominal_year = 2014
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $1822,846468<ref name=imf2 />
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 41st
| Gini = 2425.90 <!--number only-->
| Gini_year = 2012
| Gini_year = 2015
| Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->decrease
| Gini_ref = <ref name=eurogini>{{cite web |title=Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income (source: SILC) |url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/showsubmitViewTableAction.do?dataset=ilc_di12 |publisher=Eurostat Data Explorer |accessdate=1322 AugustNovember 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100416165655/http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/submitViewTableAction.do |archivedate=16 April 2010 |df= 2013}}</ref>
| Gini = 24.9 <!--number only-->
| Gini_rank =5th
| Gini_ref = <ref name=eurogini>{{cite web |title=Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income (source: SILC) |url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12 |publisher=Eurostat Data Explorer |accessdate=13 August 2013}}</ref>
| HDI = 0.873878 <!--number only-->
| Gini_rank =
| HDI_year = 20132015<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
| HDI_change = steadyincrease <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://hdrstatshdr.undp.org/ensites/countriesdefault/profilesfiles/CZE2016_human_development_report.htmlpdf |title=2016 Human Development Report 2011 |year=20112016 |publisheraccessdate=United23 NationsMarch 2017 |accessdatepublisher=5United NovemberNations Development 2011Programme}}</ref>
| HDI = 0.873 <!--number only-->
| HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/CZE.html |title=Human Development Report 2011 |year=2011 |publisher=United Nations |accessdate=5 November 2011}}</ref>
| HDI_rank = 28th
| currency = [[Czech koruna]]
Line 90 ⟶ 98:
| time_zone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset = +1
| time_zone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| time_zone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| drives_on = right
| calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in the Czech Republic|+420]]<sup>b</sup>
| patron_saint = [[Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia|St. Wenceslaus]]
| iso3166code = CZ
| cctld = [[.cz]]<sup>c</sup>
| footnote_a = The [[Rhetorical question|question is rhetorical]], implying "those places where my homeland lies".
<!--ORPHANED: 30 June 2010 (see {{Wayback |date=20101114043947webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101114043947/http://www.czso.cz/eng/csu.nsf/informace/aoby091310.doc |date=14 November 2010 |title=Population changes }}).-->
<!--ORPHANED: Rank based on 2009 IMF data.-->
| footnote_b = Code 42 was shared with [[Slovakia]] until 1997.
| footnote_c = Also [[.eu]], shared with other European Union member states.
| patron_saint = [[Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia|St Wenceslaus]]
}}