विकिपीडिया

रोमानिया: रिवीजन सभ के बीचा में अंतर

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लाइन 1:
{{Coord|46|N|25|E|display=title}}
{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = Romania
|common_name = Romania
|native_name = {{native name|ro|România|icon=no}}
|native_name = {{native name|ro|România}}
|common_name = Romania
|image_flag = Flag of Romania.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Romania.svg
|national_anthem = ''[[Deșteaptă-te, române!]]''<br />'"Awaken thee, Romanian!"<br />
|image_map = EU-Romania.svg
<br /><center>[[File:Desteapta-te, romane!.ogg]]</center>
|map_caption = Location of '''Romania''' (dark green): {{legend|#A9A9A9|on the European continent}} {{legend|#90EE90|in the [[European Union]]}}
|image_map = {{Switcher|[[File:EU-Romania (orthographic projection).svg|frameless]]|Show globe|[[File:EU-Romania.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of Europe|default=1}}
|image_map2 = Romania - Location Map (2013) - ROU - UNOCHA.svg
|map_caption = {{map caption |location_color=dark green |region=Europe |region_color=dark grey |subregion=the [[European Union]] |subregion_color=green |legend=EU-Romania.svg}}
|national_anthem = ''[[Deșteaptă-te, române!]]''<br/>{{small|''Awaken thee, Romanian!''}}<br/><center>[[File:Desteapta-te, romane!.ogg]]</center>
|capital = [[Bucharest]]
|official_languages = [[Romanian language|Romanian]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdep.ro/pls/dic/site.page?den=act2_2&par1=1#t1c0s0a13 |title=Constitution of Romania |publisher=Cdep.ro |accessdate=2 October 2013}}</ref>
|coordinates = {{Coord|44|25|N|26|06|E|type:city}}
|largest_city = capital
|official_languages = [[Romanian language|Romanian]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdep.ro/pls/dic/site.page?den=act2_2&par1=1#t1c0s0a13 |title=Constitution of Romania |publisher=Cdep.ro |access-date=2 October 2013 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907214119/http://www.cdep.ro/pls/dic/site.page?den=act2_2&par1=1#t1c0s0a13 |archivedate=7 September 2017 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
| languages2_type = Recognised minority <br /> languages<!--Protected and/or co-official (regional) languages--><ref>{{cite web|title=Reservations and Declarations for Treaty No.148 – European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages|url=http://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list/-/conventions/treaty/148/declarations?p_auth=63PpH3zN|website=Council of Europe|publisher=Council of Europe|access-date=3 December 2015|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208122308/http://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list/-/conventions/treaty/148/declarations?p_auth=63PpH3zN|archivedate=8 December 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| languages2 =
{{Collapsible list
|titlestyle=background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
|title= ''See here''
|[[Albanian language|Albanian]]
|[[Armenian language|Armenian]]
|[[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]]
|[[Czech language|Czech]]
|[[French language|French]]
|[[German language|German]]
|[[Greek language|Greek]]
|[[Italian language|Italian]]
|[[Macedonian language|Macedonian]]
|[[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]
|[[Polish language|Polish]]
|[[Romani language|Romani]]
|[[Russian language|Russian]]
|[[Rusyn language|Rusyn]]
|[[Serbian language|Serbian]]
|[[Slovak language|Slovak]]
|[[Crimean Tatar language|Tatar]]
|[[Turkish language|Turkish]]
|[[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]
|[[Yiddish]]
}}
|ethnic_groups =
{{unbulleted list
| 88.9% [[Romanians]]
| 6.51% [[Hungarians in Romania|Hungarians]]
| 3.30% [[RomaRomani minoritypeople in Romania|Roma]]
| 10.32% [[MinoritiesUkrainians of Romania|other minoritiesUkrainians]]
| 0.2% [[Germans of Romania|Germans]]
 
}}
|ethnic_groups_year = 2011<ref name="CensusRef">{{cite web |url=http://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/REZULTATE-DEFINITIVE-RPL_2011.pdf |title=Romanian 2011 census (final results) |publisher=INSSE |access-date=28 August 2012 |language=ro |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130717125951/http://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/REZULTATE-DEFINITIVE-RPL_2011.pdf |archivedate=17 July 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
|ethnic_groups_year = 2011<ref name="CensusRef">{{cite web |url=
http://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/REZULTATE-DEFINITIVE-RPL_2011.pdf|title=Romanian 2011 census (final results) |publisher=INSSE |accessdate=28 August 2012}} {{ro icon}}</ref>
|demonym = [[Romanians|Romanian]]
|government_type = {{nowrap|[[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Semi-presidential system|semi-presidential]]<br />[[republic]]}}
|capital = {{Coat of arms|Bucharest}}
|latd=44 |latm=25 |latNS=N |longd=26 |longm=06 |longEW=E
|largest_city = capital
|leader_title1 = [[President of Romania|President]]
|leader_name1 = [[TraianKlaus BăsescuIohannis]]
|leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of Romania|Prime Minister]]
|leader_name2 = [[VictorViorica PontaDăncilă]]
|leader_title3 = [[President of the Senate of Romania|President of the Senate]]
|leader_name3 = [[Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu]]
|leader_title4 = [[President of the Chamber of Deputies of Romania|President of the Chamber of Deputies]]
|leader_name4 = [[Valeriu Zgonea]]
|legislature = [[Parliament of Romania|Parliament]]
|upper_house = [[Senate (of Romania)|Senate]]
|lower_house = [[Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Chamber of Deputies]]
|sovereignty_type = [[History of Romania|Establishment history]]
|area_rank = 83rd
|established_event1 = First Romanian polities
|area_magnitude = 1_E+11
|established_date1 = 10th century – 1330
|area_km2 = 238,391
|established_event2 = [[Wallachia|Principality of Wallachia]]
|established_date2 = 1330
|established_event3 = [[Principality of Moldavia]]
|established_date3 = 1346
|established_event4 = [[Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)|Principality of Transylvania]]
|established_date4 = 1570
|established_event5 = First union under [[Michael the Brave]]
|established_date5 = 1600
|established_event6 = [[United Principalities]]<sup>a</sup>
|established_date6 = 24 January 1859
|established_event7 = [[Romanian War of Independence|Independence]] from<br />the [[Ottoman Empire]]
|established_date7 = 9 May 1877{{\}}1878<sup>b</sup>
|established_event8 = [[Kingdom of Romania]]
|established_date8 = 14 March 1881
|established_event9 = [[Union of Transylvania with Romania|Great Union]]<sup>c</sup>
|established_date9 = 1 December 1918<sup>d</sup>
|area_km2 = 238,397
|area_rank = 81st <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]]-->
|area_sq_mi = 92,043 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|percent_water = 3
|population_estimate = 19,638,000 {{decrease}}<ref>[http://www.insse.ro/cms/sites/default/files/com_presa/com_pdf/poprez_ian2017e.pdf "Annual official estimate"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830003533/http://www.insse.ro/cms/sites/default/files/com_presa/com_pdf/poprez_ian2017e.pdf |date=30 August 2017 }}.(PDF) 2017 Revision</ref>
|population_census = 20,121,641<ref name="CensusRef"/>
|population_census = 20,121,641<ref name="CensusRef" />
|population_census_year = 20 October 2011
|population_estimate_year = 2017
|population_estimate_rank= 59th
|population_census_year = 2011
|population_census_rank = 58th
|population_density_km2 = 84.4
|population_density_sq_mi = 218.6 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|population_density_rank = 118th117th
|GDP_PPP = $517.505 billion<ref name=imfgdp>{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2016&ey=2023&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=52&pr1.y=7&c=968&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPRPPPPC%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a==|title=Romania|publisher=International Monetary Fund|access-date=July 30, 2018 |deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180103111452/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=86&pr.y=5&sy=2017&ey=2022&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=918%2C968&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|archivedate=3 January 2018|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|GDP_PPP_year = 2013
|GDP_PPP_year = 2018
|GDP_PPP = $372.017 billion ([[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|46th]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD/countries/order%3Dwbapi_data_value_2013%20wbapi_data_value%20wbapi_data_value-last?order=wbapi_data_value_2012%20wbapi_data_value%20wbapi_data_value-last&sort=desc&display=default|title=GDP, PPP (current international $) &#124; Data &#124; Table |publisher=World Bank |accessdate=29 August 2014}}</ref>
|GDP_PPP_rank = 42nd
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $26,499<ref>https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2018&ey=2018&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=52&pr1.y=15&c=968&s=NGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=</ref>
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $18,365 ([[List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita|61st]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD?order=wbapi_data_value_2013+wbapi_data_value+wbapi_data_value-last&sort=desc|title=GDP per capita, PPP (current international $) &#124; Data &#124; Table |publisher=World Bank |accessdate=29 August 2014}}</ref>
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 61st
|GDP_nominal = $245.590 billion<ref name=imfgdp />
|GDP_nominal_year = 2013
|GDP_nominal_year = 2018
|GDP_nominal = $189.659 billion <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2012&ey=2019&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=109&pr1.y=18&c=968&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=GDP (current international $) &#124; Data &#124; Table |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=13 जून 2014}}</ref>
|GDP_nominal_rank = 51st49th
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $912,499575<ref>{{cite web|url=httphttps://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/20142018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=20122018&ey=20192018&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=10952&pr1.y=1815&c=968&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDPNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=GDP per capita (current international $) &#124; Data &#124; Table |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=13 जून 2014}}</ref>
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 73rd67th
|Gini = 34 <!--number only-->
|Gini_year = 2011
|Gini_year = 2013
|Gini_change = steady<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
|Gini_ref =<ref name=eurogini>{{cite web|title=Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income (source: SILC)|url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12|publisher=Eurostat Data Explorer|access-date=8 February 2015|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045123/http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12|archivedate=4 March 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|Gini = 33.2 <!--number only-->
|Gini_ref =<ref name=eurogini>{{cite web|title=Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income (source: SILC)|url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12|publisher=Eurostat Data Explorer|accessdate=13 August 2013}}</ref>
|Gini_rank =
|HDI = 0.811 <!--number only-->
|HDI_year = 20132017<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
|HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
|HDI_ref =<ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/composite/trends |title=2016 Human Development Report |date=2018 |access-date=20 September 2018 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme |pages= |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170322121226/http://hdr.undp.org/sites/all/themes/hdr_theme/country-notes/ROU.pdf |archivedate=22 March 2017 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
|HDI = 0.785 <!--number only-->
|HDI_rank = 52nd
|HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14-summary-en.pdf |title=2014 Human Development Report Summary |date=2014 |accessdate=27 July 2014 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme | pages=21–25}}</ref>
|currency = [[Romanian Leu]]
|HDI_rank = 54th
|sovereignty_type = [[History of Romania|Formation]]
|established_event1 = [[United Principalities]]<sup>a</sup>
|established_date1 = 24 जनवरी 1859
|established_event2 = {{nowrap|[[Romanian War of Independence|Independence]] from<br/>the [[Ottoman Empire]]}}
|established_date2 = 1877{{\}}1878<sup>b</sup>
|established_event3 = [[Kingdom of Romania]]
|established_date3 = 14 मार्च 1881
|established_event4 = [[Union of Transylvania with Romania|Great Union]]<sup>c</sup>
|established_date4 = 1 December 1918
|established_event5 = Proclamation of the [[Romanian People's Republic]]
|established_date5 = 30 December 1947
|established_event6 = [[Romanian Revolution]]
|established_date6 = 16–27 December 1989
|established_event7 = [[Constitution of Romania|Current republic]]
|established_date7 = 21 November 1991
|established_event8 = {{nowrap|[[2007 enlargement of the European Union|Accession]] to the [[European Union]]}}
|established_date8 = 1 जनवरी 2007
|currency = [[Romanian leu]]
|currency_code = RON
|time_zone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
|utc_offset = +2
|time_zone_DST = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
|utc_offset_DST = +3
|time_zone_DST = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
|date_format = dd.mm.yyyy&nbsp;([[Anno Domini|AD]])
|drives_on = right
|calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in Romania|+40]]
|patron_saint = [[Andrew the Apostle|Saint Andrew]]
| iso3166code = RO
|cctld = [[.ro]]<sup>de</sup>
|footnote_a = The double election of [[Alexandru Ioan Cuza]] in [[Moldavia]] and [[Wallachia]] (respectively, 5 and 24 जनवरीJanuary 1859).
|footnote_b = Independence proclaimed on 9 मईMay 1877, internationally recognised in 1878.
|footnote_c = The union of Romania with [[Bessarabia]], [[Bukovina]] and [[Transylvania]] in 1918.
|footnote_d = Monarchy was abolished on 30 December 1947 upon the proclamation of the [[Socialist Republic of Romania|People's Republic]] and was changed with the [[1965 Constitution of Romania|new constitution]] upon its adoption on 21 August 1965 as the Socialist Republic. The Communist regime [[Romanian Revolution|fell]] on 22 December 1989, the new democratic government was installed on 20 May 1990 and the new post-communist [[Constitution of Romania|constitution]] was adopted on 21 November 1991. Romania joined the [[European Union]] on 1 January 2007.
|footnote_d = Also [[.eu]], shared with other [[European Union]] member states.
|footnote_e = Also [[.eu]], shared with other [[European Union]] member states.
}}
 
'''रोमानिया''' [[यूरोप]] क एगो देस हवे। एकर राजधानी [[बुखारेस्ट]] हवे।
 
{{clear}}
==संदर्भ==
{{Reflist|33em}}
<references/>
 
{{यूरोप-भू-आधार}}
 
[[श्रेणी:यूरोप के देस]]
[[श्रेणी:यूनाइटेड नेशंस के सदस्य देस]]
 
{{यूरोप-भू-आधार}}
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