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प्रयोगकर्ता:SM7/भारत की चिरइन के लिस्ट

< प्रयोगकर्ता:SM7
(भारत क चिरई से अनुप्रेषित)
ई लेख एगो कड़ी के हिस्सा हवे
जेकर बिसय बाटे
भारत के जंगली जीव
Tiger sighted in Nagzira Wildlife Sanctuary

ई भारत देस में पावल जाए वाली चिरई कुल क लिस्ट हवे।

भारत में पक्षिन क लगभग 1314 प्रजाति क पहिचान कइल गइल बाटे। इन्हन में से 42 गो देसी प्रजाति, 1 गो बाहर से आदमिन द्वारा ले आइल, आ करीब 25 गो बहुत कम पावाल जाये वाली बाडीं। दू गो प्रजाति अबले भारत से बिलुप्त हो चुकल बाडीं आ 82 गो प्रजाति अइसन बाडीं जिनहन पर पुरा बिस्व में खतरा मँडरात बाटे।

भारत का राष्ट्रीय पक्षी भारतीय मोर हउवे।[1]

हाले में खोजाइल चिरई क प्रजाति बगन लोइ बाटे जेवन अरुणाचल प्रदेश में सन् 2006 में मिलल। एकरी आलावा कुच्छ अइसनो प्रजाति बाड़ी स जेवन बिलुप्त मान लिहल गइल रहलीं ह लेकिन फिर दुबारा मिल गइल बाड़ी। जइसे कि जार्डन क्रूसर। कुछ के पहिले उपप्रजाति मानल जाव लेकिन अब अलगा से प्रजाति मान लिहल गइल बाटे। ई लिस्ट जीव विज्ञान की वर्गीकरण किहिसाब से बनावल गइल बाटे। एम्में प्रयोग भइल अंग्रेज़ी आ वैज्ञानिक नांव अंतर्राष्ट्रीय चिरई वैज्ञानिक संघ क लिस्ट (वर्ज़न 3.2) पर आधारित बाटे आ भोजपुरी नाँव भारत की परसिद्ध चिरई वैज्ञानिक सालिम अली की किताब में दिहल उत्तर प्रदेश आ बिहार की नाँव पर आधारित बा। जवन चिरई ए इलाका में ना पावल जाली उन्हन क हिंदी या लोकल भाषा में नाँव दिहल बा।

लिस्ट में हर हेडिंग एगो जीव वैज्ञानिक परिवार खातिर बाटे आ ओह परिवार या वंश में कुल प्रजातिन क गिनती लिखल बा।

नीचे लिस्ट में दिहल टैग क मतलब:

  • (A) Accidental जवन प्रजाति भारत में यदा कदा लउक जाले
  • (E) Endemic जवन भारत का देसी प्रजाति (endemic) हवे
  • (I) Introduced आदमी द्वारा इहाँ ले आइल गइल बाटे
  • (Ex) Extirpated भारत से बिलुप्त


विषय सूची

Non-passerines: Megapodes . Pheasants and partridges . Ducks, geese and swans . Loons . Shearwaters and petrels . Storm petrels . Grebes . Flamingos . Tropicbirds . Storks . Ibises and spoonbills . Bitterns, herons and egrets . Pelicans . Frigatebirds . Boobies and gannets . Cormorants . Darters . Osprey . Hawks, kites and eagles . Falcons . Bustards . Finfoot . Rails, crakes, gallinules, and coots . Cranes . Buttonquails . Thick-knees . Oystercatchers . Crab Plover . Ibisbill . Avocets and stilts . Plovers and lapwings . Painted snipe . Jacanas . Sandpipers and allies . Pratincoles and coursers . Gulls . Terns . Skimmers . Skuas . Sandgrouse . Pigeons and doves . Parrots and allies . Cuckoos . Barn owls . Typical owls . Frogmouths . Nightjars . Treeswifts . Swifts . Trogons . Typical rollers . Kingfishers . Bee-eaters . Hoopoes . Hornbills . Barbets . Honeyguides . Woodpeckers and allies .

Passerines: Broadbills . Pittas . Woodshrikes . Woodswallows . Ioras . Cuckoo-shrikes . Whistlers and allies . Shrikes . Old World orioles . Drongos . Fantails . Monarch flycatchers . Crows, jays, ravens and magpies . Waxwings . Grey Hypocolius . Titmice . Penduline tits . Long-tailed tits . Larks . Bulbuls . Swallows and martins . Old World warblers . Cisticolas and allies . Babblers . Parrotbills . White-eyes . Fairy-bluebirds . Goldcrest . Wrens . Nuthatches . Wallcreeper . Treecreepers . Starlings . Thrushes and allies . Old World flycatchers . Dippers . Leafbirds . Flowerpeckers . Sunbirds and spiderhunters . Sparrows . Weavers and allies . Waxbills and allies . Accentors . Wagtails and pipits . Siskins, crossbills and allies . Buntings .

See also       References

मेगापॉड्स संपादन करीं

कुल: Galliformes, परिवार: Megapodiidae

मेगापॉड चिरई कुल भारी लउके वाली आ माझिल से ले के बड़हन साइज के, मुर्गी की नियर होलीं। इनहन के गरदान छोट आ पंजा चौड़ा होला। अधिकतर ई भूअर चाहे मटियाहूँ रंग के होलीं।

इनहन के कुल 21 गो प्रजाति के पहिचान भइल बाटे जेवना में खाली एक ठो भारत में पावल जाले।

तीतर बंस संपादन करीं

 
पियोरी
 
भारतीय मोर
 
White Eared-Pheasant
 
हिमालय मोनाल

कुल: Galliformes, परिवार: Phasianidae

इनहन के सामूहिक रूप से अंगरेजी में फैसिअनिडाई (Phasianidae, मतलब - तीतरबंसी) कहल जाला। एह परिवार के चिरई जमीन पर रहेलीं आ इनहन में तीतर, बटेर, मुर्गी, मोर, मोनाल आ जंगली मुर्गी आवेलिन।

एह परिवार में शामिल चिरई कुल के पूरा बिस्व में 156 प्रजाति आ भारत में 46 गो प्रजाति मिलेला।

बत्तख आ हंस बंस संपादन करीं

 
हंस
 
Tufted Duck
 
Smew
 
टुंड्रा स्वान

कुल: Anseriformes, परिवार: Anatidae अंगरेजी:Ducks, geese and swans

एह परिवार के चिरई में बत्तख आ बत्तख नियर कुछ चिरई, आ हंस आ स्वान सभ आवेलीं। इनहन के पंजा जालीदार होला आ चापट ठोर होला। एही कारण ई चिरई सभ पानी में आपन शिकार करे खातिर सुगमता वाली होखे लीं। इन्हन के पंख पर तेलउंस लेप भी पावल जाला। बिस्व में 131 प्रजाति में से 45 प्रजाति भारत में पावल जालीं।

लून्स संपादन करीं

कुल: Gaviiformes, परिवार: Gaviidae, अंगरेजी:Loons

लून्स (Loons), जिनहन के यूरोप में "गोताखोर" (Divers) भी कहल जाला, एगो पनिहा चिरइन के ग्रुप बा। एह ग्रुप के चिरई उत्तर अमेरिका आ उत्तरी यूरेशिया में पावल जालीं। बिस्व में इनहन के 5 गो प्रजाति आ एह में से भारत में एक ठो प्रजाति पावल जाले।

शियरवाटर्स आ पेट्रेल्स संपादन करीं

कुल: Procellariiformes, परिवार: Procellariidae अंगरेजी:Shearwaters and petrels

इनहन के 75 गो प्रजाति पुरा दुनिया में आ 9 गो भारत में पावल जालीं।[3]

स्टॉर्म पेट्रल्स संपादन करीं

 
Wilson's Storm Petrel

कुल: Procellariiformes, परिवार: Hydrobatidae; अंगरेजी:Storm Petrels

स्टॉर्म पेट्रल्स सभ पेट्रल्स के संबंधी हईं आ ई समुंदरी चिरइन में सभसे छोट होखे लीं। इनहन के भोजन प्लैंकटन खाए वाला छोट जीव आ छोट मछरी होलीं आ ई पानी के ऊपर मेंडरा के इनहन के शिकार करे लीं। इनहन के उड़ान फड़फड़ाहट भरल आ कब्बो-कब्बो चमगादर नियर होले। पुरा दुनिया में 21 गो प्रजाति में से 4 गो प्रजाति भारत में पावल जालीं।[3]

डुबकी संपादन करीं

 
पनडुब्बी

कुल: Podicipediformes, परिवार: Podicipedidae अंगरेजी:Grebes

पानी में डुबकी लगावे वाली ई चिरई छोटहन से ले के माझिल आकार क होखेलीं आ ई मीठा पानी के चिरई हईं। पंजा पतवार वाला होला आ ई कुल बहुत बढियाँ तैराक होखेलीं। हालाँकि, इनहन क पैर शरीर में बहुत पीछे की ओर होला जेवना से जमीन पर चले आ दउरे में इनहन के बहुते दिक्कत होले।

इनहन के 20 गो प्रजाति पुरा दुनिया मिले लीं जवना में से 5 गो भारत में पावल जालीं।

राजहंस संपादन करीं

कुल: Phoenicopteriformes, परिवार: Phoenicopteridae; अंगरेजी:Flamingos

फ्लेमिंगो 3 से 5 फीट के ऊँचाई वाली शानदार चिरई होलीं आ छिछिला पानी में से शेलफिश (छोट घोंघा वगैरह) आ सेवार छान के खालीं। इनहन के अजीब तरीका के चोंच खास एही काम खातिर अइसन होले जवना से ई अपना भोजन आ कनई-माटी के बिलगा सकें; एगो अउरी बिसेसता ई कि एह चोंच के प्रयोग उल्टा कर के करे लीं। बिस्व के 6 गो प्रजाति में से 2 गो भारत में पावल जालीं।

ट्रॉपिकबर्ड संपादन करीं

 
Red-tailed Tropicbird

कुल: Pelecaniformes, परिवार: Phaethontidae; अंगरेजी:Tropicbird

ट्रॉपिकबर्ड्स छोट आ छरहर चिरई होले आ एकर बहुते लमहर पोंछ होखे ले। ई चिरई उष्णकटिबंधीय इलाका में पवल जाले। मूंडी आ डैना पर करिया चीन्हा होला। दुनिया में एकर कुल तीन गो प्रजाति पावल जाली आ ई तीनों भारत में भी मिले लीं।[3]

स्टॉर्क संपादन करीं

कुल: Ciconiiformes, परिवार: Ciconiidae; अंगरेजी:Storks

स्टॉर्क ग्रुप के चिरई बड़हन आकार, लंबा टांग, लमछर गर्दन आ मजबूत ठोर वाली, छिछला पानी के चिरई होलीं। ई चिरई बोले लीं ना। चोंच बजा के एक दुसरा से संबाद करे लीं। खतोना बहुत बड़ा होला आ कई साल ले इस्तेमाल होखत रह सकेला। इनहन के कई गो प्रजाति प्रवासी होलीं। दुनिया में 19 गो आ एह में से 9 गो भारत में पावल जालिन।

 
लोहजंघा

आइबिस आ स्पूनबिल संपादन करीं

 
Eurasian Spoonbill

कुल: Ciconiiformes, परिवार: Threskiornithidae

बड़हन आकार के ई चिरई सभ जमीन आ छिछला पानी में रहे लीं। बड़ा डैना में 11 गो प्राइमरी आ लगभग 20 गो सेकेंडरी पाँख होला। इनहन के 36 गो प्रजाति में से 5 गो भारत में मिले लीं।

बकुला संपादन करीं

 
किल्चिया बकुला (Little Bittern)

कुल: Ciconiiformes, परिवार: Ardeidae; अंगरेजी:Bitterns, herons and egrets

आर्डेइडाई परिवार में अंगरेजी हिसाब से तीन गो प्रकार होला bitterns, herons आ en:egrets, जिनहन के भारत में सामान्य नाँव बकुला (बगुला) या बक दिहल गइल बाटे। माझिल से ले के बड़का आकार क ई चिरई लमहर गर्दन आ पैर वाली होखे लीं।

इनहन का कुल 61 गो प्रजाति होली जिनहन में 21 गो प्रजाति भारत में पावल जालीं।

 
बड़का बकुला

पेलिकन संपादन करीं

 
देव हंस

कुल: Pelecaniformes, परिवार: Pelecanidae; अंगरेजी:Pelican

पेलिकन चिरई सभ बड़ा आकार के पनिहा चिरई होखे लीं आ इनहन के चोंच में नीचे पाउच नियर लटकत रहे ला। इन्हन के पंजा पतवार वाला आ चार गो अँगुरी वाला होला। दुनिया के 8 गो प्रजाति में से भारत में 3 गो प्रजाति मिले लीं।

फ़्रिगेटबर्ड संपादन करीं

 
Great Frigatebird

कुल: Pelecaniformes, परिवार: Fregatidae; अंगरेजी:Frigatebirds

Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black-and-white or completely black, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have inflatable coloured throat pouches. They do not swim or walk, and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week. There are 5 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in India.[3]

बूबी आ गैनेट संपादन करीं

 
Brown Booby

कुल: Pelecaniformes, परिवार: Sulidae; अंगरेजी:Boobies and gannets

The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups comprise medium-to-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish. There are 9 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in India.[3]

पनकउआ संपादन करीं

 
पन कउआ

कुल: Pelecaniformes, परिवार: Phalacrocoracidae; अंगरेजी:Cormorants

The Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium-to-large coastal, fish-eating seabirds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black and white, and a few being colourful. There are 38 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in India.

पनवा संपादन करीं

कुल: Pelecaniformes, परिवार: Anhingidae; अंगरेजी:Darters

Darters are frequently referred to as "snake-birds" because of their long thin neck, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged. The males have black and dark brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape and a larger bill than the female. The females have a much paler plumage especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet, and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving. There are 4 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in India.

ऊस्प्रे संपादन करीं

कुल: Falconiformes, परिवार: Pandionidae; अंगरेजी:Osprey

The Pandionidae family contains only one species, the Osprey. The Osprey is a medium large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.

बाज आ चील्ह संपादन करीं

 
Crested Honey Buzzard
 
Black Kite

कुल: Falconiformes, परिवार: Accipitridae; अंगरेजी:Hawks, kites and eagles

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and include hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. There are 233 species worldwide and 57 species which occur in India.

 
गोल्डन ईगल

फाल्कन संपादन करीं

कुल: Falconiformes, परिवार: Falconidae; अंगरेजी:Falcons

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their feet. There are 62 species worldwide and 15 species which occur in India.

बस्टर्ड संपादन करीं

कुल: Gruiformes, परिवार: Otididae; अंगरेजी:Bustards

Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They are omnivorous and nest on the ground. They walk steadily on strong legs and big toes, pecking for food as they go. They have long broad wings with "fingered" wingtips, and striking patterns in flight. Many have interesting mating displays. There are 26 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in India.

फिनफुट संपादन करीं

कुल: Gruiformes, परिवार: Heliornithidae; अंगरेजी:Finfoot

The Heliornithidae are small family of tropical birds with webbed lobes on their feet similar to those of grebes and coots. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in India.

रेल, क्रेक, गैलिन्यूल आ कूट संपादन करीं

कुल: Gruiformes, परिवार: Rallidae; अंगरेजी:Rails, crakes, gallinules, and coots

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs, and have long toes which are well adapted to soft, uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and be weak fliers. There are 143 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in India.

सारस संपादन करीं

 
सारस

कुल: Gruiformes, परिवार: Gruidae; अंगरेजी:Cranes

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances". There are 15 species worldwide and 5 species have been recorded from India.

The Hooded Crane Grus monacha was included in many older lists but is considered as hypothetical by more recent workers.(Rasmussen and Anderton, 2005)

बटनक्विल संपादन करीं

कुल: Gruiformes, परिवार: Turnicidae; अंगरेजी:Buttonquails

The buttonquails are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails. The female is the brighter of the sexes, and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young. There are 16 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in India.

 
Barred Buttonquail

स्टोन-कर्लेव संपादन करीं

कुल: Charadriiformes, परिवार: Burhinidae; अंगरेजी:Stone-curlews

Stone-curlews are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats. There are 9 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in India.

Oystercatchers संपादन करीं

कुल: Charadriiformes, परिवार: Haematopodidae; अंगरेजी:

The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs. There are 11 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in India.

Crab Plover संपादन करीं

कुल: Charadriiformes, परिवार: Dromadidae; अंगरेजी:

The Crab Plover is related to the waders. It resembles a plover but with very long grey legs and a strong heavy black bill similar to a tern. It has black-and-white plumage, a long neck, partially webbed feet and a bill designed for eating crabs.

Ibisbill संपादन करीं

 
en:Ibisbill

कुल: Charadriiformes, परिवार: Ibidorhynchidae; अंगरेजी:

The Ibisbill is a bird related to the waders, but sufficiently distinctive to merit its own family. The adult is grey with a white belly, red legs and long down curved bill, and a black face and black breast band.

Avocets and stilts संपादन करीं

 
Black-winged Stilt

कुल: Charadriiformes, परिवार: Recurvirostridae; अंगरेजी:

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the en:avocets and the en:stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. There are 9 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in India.

टिटिहरी (Plovers and lapwings) संपादन करीं

 
en:Grey Plover
 
en:Red-wattled Lapwing

कुल: Charadriiformes. परिवार: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water, although there are some exceptions. There are 66 species worldwide and 20 species which occur in India.

Painted snipe संपादन करीं

 
en:Greater Painted-snipe

कुल: Charadriiformes. परिवार: Rostratulidae

Painted snipe are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured. There are 2 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in India.

Jacanas संपादन करीं

कुल: Charadriiformes. परिवार: Jacanidae

The jacanas are a group of tropical waders in the family Jacanidae. They are found worldwide in the Tropics. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat. There 8 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in India.

Sandpipers and allies संपादन करीं

कुल: Charadriiformes. परिवार: Scolopacidae

The Scolopacidae are a large diverse family of small to medium sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enable different species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. There are 89 species worldwide and 43 species which occur in India.

 
Common Greenshank
 
Green Sandpiper

Pratincoles and coursers संपादन करीं

 
Small Pratincole

कुल: Charadriiformes. परिवार: Glareolidae

Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings and long, pointed bills which curve downwards. There are 17 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in India.

Gulls संपादन करीं

 
Common Gull
 
Black-headed Gull

कुल: Charadriiformes. परिवार: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large birds seabirds and includes gulls and kittiwakes. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. There are 55 species worldwide and around 11 species which occur in India. The identity of some species earlier included under Herring Gull are now questioned.

Terns संपादन करीं

कुल: Charadriiformes. परिवार: Sternidae

Terns are a group of generally general medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species now known to live in excess of 25 to 30 years. There are 44 species worldwide and 23 species which occur in India.

 
Caspian Tern
 
Arctic Tern

Skimmers संपादन करीं

कुल: Charadriiformes. परिवार: Rynchopidae

Skimmers are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. They have an elongated lower mandible which they use to feed by flying low over the water surface and skimming the water for small fish. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in India.

Skuas संपादन करीं

 
Arctic Skua

कुल: Charadriiformes. परिवार: Stercorariidae

The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants. There are 7 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in India.[3]

Sandgrouse संपादन करीं

 
Painted Sandgrouse

कुल: Pterocliformes. परिवार: Pteroclidae

Sandgrouse have small, pigeon like heads and necks, but sturdy compact bodies. They have long pointed wings and sometimes tails and a fast direct flight. Flocks fly to watering holes at dawn and dusk. Their legs are feathered down to the toes. There are 16 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in India. India has the largest number of sandgrouse of any country.

कबूतर आ पंडुक (Pigeons and doves) संपादन करीं

कुल: Columbiformes. परिवार: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. There are 308 species worldwide and 29 species which occur in India.

 
Rock Pigeon
 
Laughing Dove

Parrots and allies संपादन करीं

 
Rose-ringed Parakeet

कुल: Psittaciformes. परिवार: Psittacidae

Parrots are small to large birds with a characteristic curved beak shape. Their upper mandibles have slight mobility in the joint with the skull and they have a generally erect stance. All parrots are zygodactyl, having the four toes on each foot placed two at the front and two back. There are 335 species worldwide and 12 species which occur in India.

Cuckoos संपादन करीं

कुल: Cuculiformes. परिवार: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. Many are brood parasites. There are 138 species worldwide and 21 species which occur in India.

 
Common Hawk-Cuckoo

Barn owls संपादन करीं

 
Barn Owl

कुल: Strigiformes. परिवार: Tytonidae

Barn owls are medium to large sized owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons. There are 16 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in India.

  • en:Australasian Grass-Owl Tyto longimembris
  • en:Barn Owl Tyto alba
  • Andaman Barn Owl Tyto deroepstorffi (raised to full species by Rasmussen and Anderton, 2005)
  • en:Oriental Bay-Owl Phodilus badius (Eastern Himalayas)
  • Ceylon Bay-Owl Phodilus assimilis (Western Ghats race ripleyi and Sri Lankan race assimilis included here by Rasmussen and Anderton, 2005)

उल्लू (Typical owls) संपादन करीं

कुल: Strigiformes. परिवार: Strigidae

Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk. There are 195 species worldwide and 33 species which occur in India.

Frogmouths संपादन करीं

कुल: Caprimulgiformes. परिवार: Podargidae

The frogmouths are a group of nocturnal birds related to the nightjars. They are named for their large flattened hooked bills and huge frog-like gape, which they use to take insects. There are 12 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in India.

Nightjars संपादन करीं

कुल: Caprimulgiformes. परिवार: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs and very short bills that usually nest on the ground. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves. There are 86 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in India.

 
Large-tailed Nightjar

Treeswifts संपादन करीं

 
Crested Treeswift

कुल: Apodiformes. परिवार: Hemiprocnidae

The treeswifts or crested swifts are aerial near passerine birds, closely related to the true swifts. They differ from the other swifts in that they have crests, long forked tails and softer plumage. There are 4 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in India.

Swifts संपादन करीं

कुल: Apodiformes. परिवार: Apodidae

en:Swifts are small aerial birds, spending the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings that resemble a crescent or a boomerang. There are 98 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in India.

 
Young Common Swift

Trogons संपादन करीं

कुल: Trogoniformes. परिवार: Trogonidae

The family Trogonidae includes trogons and quetzals. Found in tropical woodlands worldwide, they feed on insects and fruit, and their broad bills and weak legs reflect their diet and arboreal habits. Although their flight is fast, they are reluctant to fly any distance. Trogons have soft, often colourful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage. There are 33 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in India.

रोलर (Typical rollers) संपादन करीं

 
Indian Roller

कुल: Coraciiformes. परिवार: Coraciidae

Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not. There are 12 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in India.

मछरेंगा (Kingfishers) संपादन करीं

कुल: Coraciiformes. परिवार: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails. There are 93 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in India.

 
Common Kingfisher

Bee-eaters संपादन करीं

 
Green Bee-eater

कुल: Coraciiformes. परिवार: Meropidae

The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colorful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar. There are 26 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in India.

नउनिया (Hoopoes) संपादन करीं

कुल: Coraciiformes. परिवार: Upupidae

Hoopoes have black, white and orangey-pink colouring with a large erectile crest on their head. There are 2 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in India.

हारिल (Hornbills) संपादन करीं

 
en:Indian Grey Hornbill

कुल: Coraciiformes. परिवार: Bucerotidae

Hornbills are a group of birds whose bill is shaped like a cow's horn, but without a twist, sometimes with a casque on the upper mandible. Frequently, the bill is brightly coloured. There are 57 species worldwide and 10 species which occur in India.

बसंता (Barbets) संपादन करीं

 
en:Blue-throated Barbet

कुल: Piciformes. परिवार: Megalaimidae

The barbets are plump birds, with short necks and large heads. They get their name from the bristles which fringe their heavy bills. Most species are brightly coloured. There are 84 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in India.

Honeyguides संपादन करीं

कुल: Piciformes. परिवार: Indicatoridae

Honeyguides are among the few birds that feed on wax. They are named for the behaviour of the Greater Honeyguide which leads large animals to bees' nests and then feeds on the wax once the animal has broken the nest open to get at the honey. There are 17 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in India.

कठफोड़वा (Woodpeckers and allies) संपादन करीं

कुल: Piciformes. परिवार: Picidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward, and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. There are 218 species worldwide and 33 species which occur in India.

 
Brown-capped Pygmy Woodpecker
 
Common Flameback

Broadbills संपादन करीं

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Eurylaimidae

The broadbills are small, brightly coloured birds that feed on fruit and also take insects in flycatcher fashion, snapping their broad bills. Their habitat is canopies of wet forests. There are 15 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in India.

पित्ता (Pittas) संपादन करीं

 
en:Hooded Pitta

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Pittidae

Pittas are medium-sized by passerine standards, and stocky, with fairly long, strong legs, short tails and stout bills. Many, but not all, are brightly coloured. They spend the majority of their time on wet forest floors, eating snails, insects and similar invertebrate prey which they find there. There are 32 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in India.

Woodshrikes संपादन करीं

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Tephrodornithidae

The woodshrikes are similar in build to the shrikes. There are 12 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in India.

Woodswallows संपादन करीं

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Artamidae

The woodswallows are soft-plumaged, somber-coloured passerine birds. They are smooth, agile flyers with moderately large, semi-triangular wings. There are 11 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in India.

Ioras संपादन करीं

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Aegithinidae

The ioras are bulbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub, but whereas that group tends to be drab in coloration, ioras are sexually dimorphic, with the males being brightly plumaged in yellows and greens. There are 4 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in India.

Cuckoo-shrikes संपादन करीं

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Campephagidae

The cuckoo-shrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some species are brightly coloured. There are 82 species worldwide and 15 species which occur in India.

Whistlers and allies संपादन करीं

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Pachycephalidae

The family Pachycephalidae includes the whistlers, shrike-thrushes, shrike-tits, pitohuis and Crested Bellbird. There are 57 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in India.

Shrikes संपादन करीं

 
en:Brown Shrike

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Laniidae Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey. There are 31 species worldwide and 11 species which occur in India.

Old World orioles संपादन करीं

 
en:Indian Golden Oriole

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Oriolidae

The Old World Orioles are colourful passerine birds. They are not related to the New World orioles. There are 29 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in India.

भुजइठा (Drongos) संपादन करीं

 
en:Black Drongo

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Dicruridae

The drongos are mostly are black or dark grey in colour, sometimes with metallic tints. They have long forked tails, and some Asian species have elaborate tail decorations. They have short legs and sit very upright whilst perched, like a shrike. They flycatch or take prey from the ground. There are 24 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in India.

Fantails संपादन करीं

 
White-throated Fantail

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Rhipiduridae

The Fantails are small insectivorous birds which are specialist aerial feeders. There are 44 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in India.

Monarch flycatchers संपादन करीं

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Monarchidae

The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines, which hunt by flycatching. There are 99 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in India.

Crows, jays, ravens and magpies संपादन करीं

 
Green Magpie
 
House Crow

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Corvidae

The Corvidae family includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size for the bird order Passeriformes. Some of the larger species show high levels of learning behaviour. There are 120 species worldwide and 22 species which occur in India.

Waxwings संपादन करीं

 
Bohemian Waxwing

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Bombycillidae

The waxwings are a group of passerine birds characterized by soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and Cedar Waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax, and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in India.

Grey Hypocolius संपादन करीं

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Hypocoliidae

The Grey Hypocolius is a small Middle Eastern bird. They are mainly a uniform grey color, with males having a black triangular mask around the eyes, and with the shape and soft plumage of the waxwings.

Fairy flycatchers संपादन करीं

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Stenostiridae

Titmice संपादन करीं

 
en:Cinereous Tit
 
en:Coal Tit

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Paridae

The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects. There are species 59 worldwide and 14 species which occur in India.

Penduline tits संपादन करीं

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Remizidae

The penduline tits are a group of small passerine birds, related to the true tits. They are insectivores. There are 13 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in India.

Larks संपादन करीं

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Alaudidae

Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds. There are 91 species worldwide and 22 species which occur in India.

 
Bengal Bushlark

बुलबुल (Bulbuls) संपादन करीं

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Pycnonotidae

Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red or orange vents, cheeks, throat or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive-brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests. There are 130 species worldwide and 19 species which occur in India.

Swallows and martins संपादन करीं

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Hirundinidae

The Hirundinidae family is a group of passerines characterized by their adaptation to aerial feeding. Their adaptations include a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and short bills with wide gape. The feet are designed for perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base. There are 75 species worldwide and 15 species which occur in India.

 
en:Barn Swallow

Long-tailed tits संपादन करीं

 
en:Black-throated Tit

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Aegithalidae

Long-tailed tits are a group of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They make woven bag nests in trees. Most eat a mixed diet that includes insects. There are 9 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in India.

Old World warblers संपादन करीं

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Sylviidae

The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. The Sylviidae mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent Africa. Many species are difficult to identify by appearance, but many have distinctive songs. There are 291 species worldwide and 90 species which occur in India.

 
Blyth's Reed-warbler

Cisticolas and allies संपादन करीं

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Cisticolidae

The Cisticolidae are warblers found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub. There are 111 species worldwide and 15 species which occur in India.

 
Ashy Prinia

Babblers संपादन करीं

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Timaliidae

The babblers or timaliids are somewhat diverse in size and coloration, but are characterised by soft fluffy plumage. There are 270 species worldwide and 118 species which occur in India. India has the largest number of babblers of any country and this represents the largest bird family grouping in any country outside of South America.

 
en:Chestnut-tailed Minla

Parrotbills संपादन करीं

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Paradoxornithidae

The parrotbills are a group of birds native to East and Southeast Asia, though feral populations are known from elsewhere. They are generally small, long-tailed birds which inhabit reedbeds and similar habitats. There are 20 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in India.

White-eyes संपादन करीं

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Zosteropidae

The white-eyes are small and are mostly of undistinguished appearance, the plumage above being generally either some dull color like greenish olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As their name suggests many species have a white ring around the eyes. There are 96 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in India.

Fairy-bluebirds संपादन करीं

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Irenidae

The Fairy-bluebirds are en:bulbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub. The males are dark-blue and the females a duller green. There are 2 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in India.

Goldcrest संपादन करीं

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Regulidae

The kinglets or crests are a small group of birds often included in the Old World warblers, but frequently given family status because they also resemble the titmice. There are 7 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in India.

Wrens संपादन करीं

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Troglodytidae

The en:wrens are mainly small and inconspicuous except for their loud songs. These birds have short wings and a thin down-turned bill. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous. There are 80 species worldwide (of which all but one are New World species) and 1 species which occurs in India.

Nuthatches संपादन करीं

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Sittidae

Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails and powerful bills and feet. There are 24 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in India.

Wallcreeper संपादन करीं

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Tichodromidae

The Wallcreeper is a small bird with stunning crimson, grey and black plumage, related to the en:nuthatch family.

Treecreepers संपादन करीं

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Certhiidae

Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees. There are 6 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in India.

मैना संपादन करीं

कुल: Passeriformes. परिवार: Sturnidae

मैना परिवार क चिरई छोट से माझिल आकार कि बिचा में होलीं आ किरवना-पतिंगा आ फल खालीं।

मैना क पूरा विश्व में 125 प्रजाति आ भारत में 18 गो प्रजाति पावल जाले।

 
तिलेर मैना

Thrushes and allies संपादन करीं

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs. There are 335 species worldwide and 34 species which occur in India.

 
en:Blue-capped Rock Thrush

पतरेंगा परिवार(Old World flycatchers) संपादन करीं

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Muscicapidae

Old World flycatchers are a large group of small passerine birds native to the Old World. They are mainly small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is very varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls. There 274 species worldwide and 90 species which occur in India.

Dippers संपादन करीं

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Cinclidae

Dippers are a group of perching birds whose habitat includes aquatic environments in the Americas, Europe, and Asia. They are named for their bobbing or dipping movements. There are 5 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in India.

Leafbirds संपादन करीं

 
en:Orange-bellied Leafbird

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Chloropseidae

The Leafbirds are small, en:bulbul-like birds. The males are brightly plumaged, usually in greens and yellows. There are 9 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in India.

Flowerpeckers संपादन करीं

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Dicaeidae

The flowerpeckers are very small, stout, often brightly coloured birds, with short tails, short thick curved bills and tubular tongues. There are 44 species worldwide and 10 species which occur in India.

फुलसुंघी परिवार (Sunbirds and spiderhunters) संपादन करीं

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Nectariniidae

The sunbirds and spiderhunters are very small passerine birds which feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding young. Flight is fast and direct on their short wings. Most species can take nectar by hovering like a hummingbird, but usually perch to feed. There are 131 species worldwide and 15 species which occur in India.

 
en:Crimson Sunbird

गौरइया कुल (Sparrows) संपादन करीं

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Passeridae

en:Sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed-eaters, and they also consume small insects. There are 35 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in India.

 
en:House Sparrow

Weavers and allies संपादन करीं

 
en:Baya Weaver

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Ploceidae

The weavers are small passerine birds related to the en:finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly coloured, usually in red or yellow and black, some species show variation in colour only in the breeding season. There are 116 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in India.

Waxbills and allies संपादन करीं

 
en:Black-headed Munia

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Estrildidae

The en:estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and en:Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed-eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have a wide variation in plumage colours and pattern. There are 141 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in India.

Accentors संपादन करीं

 
en:Alpine Accentor

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Prunellidae

The accentors are in the only bird family, Prunellidae, which is completely endemic to the en:Palearctic. They are small, fairly drab species superficially similar to en:sparrows. There are 13 species worldwide and 8 species which occur in India.

Wagtails and pipits संपादन करीं

 
en:Citrine Wagtail

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Motacillidae

The Motacillidae are a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country. There are 54 species worldwide and 20 species which occur in India.

Buntings संपादन करीं

 
en:Yellowhammer

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Emberizidae

The emberizids are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with a distinctively shaped bill. In Europe, most species are named as buntings. In North America, most of the species in this family are known as Sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns. There are species 275 worldwide and 19 species which occur in India.

Siskins, crossbills and allies संपादन करीं

 
en:Pink-browed Rosefinch

कुल: en:Passeriformes. परिवार: en:Fringillidae

en:Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and 9 primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well. There are 137 species worldwide and 45 species which occur in India.

इहो देखल जाय संपादन करीं

Notes संपादन करीं

  1. ↑ Govt. of India. "National bird of India". National bird. Govt. of India. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
  2. ↑ Lewis, ES (1938). "Bewick's Swan (Cygnus bewickii Yarrell) near Delhi". J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 40 (2): 333.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Praveen J.; Jayapal, R.; Pittie, A. (2013). "Notes on Indian rarities—1: Seabirds". Indian BIRDS. 8 (5): 113–125.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ↑ Giri, P.; Dey, A.; Sen, S. K. (2013). "Short-tailed Shearwater Ardenna tenuirostris from Namkhana, West Bengal: A first record for India". Indian BIRDS. 8 (6): 131.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ↑ Praveen J.; Palot, M. J..; Karuthedathu, D. (2013). "Recovery of a Cory's Shearwater Calonectris borealis from Thaikadapuram beach, Kasaragod district, Kerala". Indian BIRDS. 8 (6): 152–153.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ↑ Gaston, AJ; Pandey, S (1987). "Sighting of Rednecked Grebes (Podiceps grisegena) on the Pong Dam Lake, Himachal Pradesh". J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 84 (3): 676–677.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ↑ Mundkur, Taej; Pravez, Rishad (1989). "Sight record of Rednecked Grebe Podiceps griseigena near Rajkot, Gujarat". J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 86 (3): 440.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  8. ↑ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 8.12 Delany, S.; Garbutt, D.; Williams, C.; Sulston, C.; Norton, J.; & Denby, C. (2014). "The Southampton University Ladakh Expeditions 1976–1982: Full details of nine species previously unrecorded in India and four second records". Indian BIRDS. 9 (1): 1–13.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ↑ International Crane Foundation - Siberian Crane
  10. ↑ Holt, P (1999) Long-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus at Bharatpur, Rajasthan, India: a new species for the Indian subcontinent. Forktail 15:95 PDF
  11. ↑ Dutta S. (2013). "Sighting of Mongolian Gull Larus [vegae / smithsonianus] mongolicus at Chilka, Odisha". Indian BIRDS. 8 (5): 132.
  12. ↑ Sreenivasan P. P., Praveen J.,Prince,M. & Karuthedathu, D. (2013). "Sabine's Gull Xema sabini from Puthankadapuram, Kerala, India: a first record for South Asia". Indian BIRDS. 8 (4): 99–100.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  13. ↑ Jayson E. A., Babu S., & Govind, S. K., 2013. Recovery of White Tern Gygis alba at Athirapilly, Kerala, India. Indian BIRDS 8 (6): 163
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Singh, A. P., 2013. Lord Derby’s Parakeet Psittacula derbiana, and Black-headed Greenfinch Carduelis ambigua in Arunachal Pradesh, India.Indian BIRDS 8 (5): 133
  15. ↑ Chatterjee, S., Mangrove Pitta Pitta megarhyncha fro Sundarbans, West Bengal, India. Indian BIRDS 8 (6): 160–161
  16. ↑ Karuthedathu, D., Das, V., Praveen J., Ramachandran, V., Shurpali, S., & Nair, M. V., 2014. Some significant avian records from Odisha. Indian BIRDS 9 (1): 14–18
  17. ↑ Manchi, S. S., & Kumar, J. S., 2014. Sighting of the Blue-winged Pitta Pitta moluccensis on Narcondam Island, India. Indian BIRDS 9 (1): 23–24
  18. ↑ Nandgaonkar, P. S., 2013. Woodchat Shrike Lanius senator from Alibaug, Maharashtra: A first record for India. Indian BIRDS 8 (6): 164
  19. ↑ Jønsson, K.A., Bowie, R.C.K., Moyle, R.G., Irestedt, M., Christidis, L., Norman, J.A. & Fjeldså, J. (2010). "Phylogeny and biogeography of Oriolidae (Aves: Passeriformes)" (PDF). Ecography. 33: 232–241. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0587.2010.06167.x.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  20. ↑ Packert, Martin; Jochen Martens, Siegfried Eck, Alexander A Nazarenko, Olga P. Valchuk, Bernd Petri, Michael Veith (2005) The great tit (Parus major) – a misclassified ring species. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 86(2):153-174
  21. ↑ Rasmussen, P. C. & J. C.and Anderton 2005 introduce this split
  22. ↑ Sangha, H. S., Sharma, M., & Jain, A., 2013. The Black-browed Tit Aegithalos bonvaloti in Arunachal Pradesh: A new species for the Indian Subcontinent. Indian BIRDS 8 (5): 137–139
  23. ↑ Das, S., 2014. Asian Stubtail Urosphena squameiceps in Rabindrasarobar, Kolkata: A first record for India. Indian BIRDS 9 (1): 26–27
  24. ↑ Silke Fregin, Martin Haase, Urban Olsson, Per Alström (2009). "Multi-locus phylogeny of the family Acrocephalidae (Aves: Passeriformes) – The traditional taxonomy overthrown". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 52 (3): 866–878. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.04.006. PMID 19393746.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  25. ↑ Sangha, H. S., Naoroji, R. & Sharma, M. 2007. The Crested Tit-warbler Leptopoecile elegans in north-west Arunachal Pradesh. An addition to the Indian avifauna. Indian Birds 3 (1): 23–25. [1]
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 Dalvi, S., 2013. Elliot’s Laughingthrush Trochalopteron elliotii and Black-headed Greenfinch Chloris ambigua from Anini, Arunachal Pradesh, India. Indian BIRDS 8 (5): 130.
  27. ↑ Athreya, R. 2006. A new species of Liocichla (Aves: Timaliidae) from Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary, Arunachal Pradesh, India. Indian Birds 2(4): 82-94. [2]
  28. ↑ http://www.hbw.com/news/yunnan-nuthatch-first-record-india
  29. ↑ Tietze, Dieter Thomas; Martens, Jochen & Sun, Yue-Hua (2006): Molecular phylogeny of treecreepers (Certhia) detects hidden diversity. Ibis 148(3): 477-488 doi:10.1111/j.1474-919X.2006.00547.x (HTML abstract)
  30. ↑ Tietze, Dieter Thomas (2008). "Evolutionary history of treecreeper vocalisations(Aves: Certhia)". Organisms, Diversity & Evolution. 8 (4): 305–324. doi:10.1016/j.ode.2008.05.001. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 31.3 Lovette, I., McCleery, B., Talaba, A., & Rubenstein, D. (2008). "A complete species-level molecular phylogeny for the "Eurasian" starlings (Sturnidae: Sturnus, Acridotheres, and allies): Recent diversification in a highly social and dispersive avian group.". Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution 47 (1): 251-260. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.01.020.
  32. ↑ Kelsey, M. (2013). "Rock Sparrow Petronia petronia: A first record for Ladakh". Indian Birds. 8 (5): 136–137.
  33. ↑ Poonia, S.S., Sharma, M. & Sangha, H.S. (2012). "Pale Rock Sparrow Carpospiza brachydactyla in Gopalpura Hills, Tal Chhapar(Churu district, Rajasthan): a new species for the Indian Subcontinent". Indian Birds. 7 (6): 159–160.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  34. ↑ Tiwari, J.K. (2012). "Pale Rock Sparrow Carpospiza brachydactyla: a new species for India". BirdingASIA. 17.
  35. ↑ Sharma, M., Abhinav, C., & Dhadwal, D. S., 2013. Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs, Brambling F. montifringilla, and Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella in Himachal Pradesh, India. Indian BIRDS 8 (6): 156–157
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 Gode, N., 2013. Birding in Lohit Valley, Arunachal Pradesh. Indian BIRDS 8 (5): 126-127
  37. ↑ Naniwadekar, R., Viswanathan, A., Kumar, R., & Dalvi, S., 2013. First record of Tristram’s Bunting Emberiza tristrami from India. Indian BIRDS 8 (5): 134–135.

References संपादन करीं

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