विकिपीडिया

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ई अबले पहिचानल गइल 118 गो रासायनिक तत्वन के लिस्ट बाटे:

लिस्ट

संपादन करीं
परमानविक संख्या चीन्हा तत्व नाँव के उत्पत्ती[1][2] ग्रुप पीरियड परमाणु भार
u (±) 		घनत्व
g/cm3 		गलन
K 		उबाल
K 		ऊष्मा
J/(g·K) 		निगे10 प्रचुरता
mg/kg
 
−999 !a !a !a −999 −999 −999 −999 −999 −999 −999 −999 −999
1 H हाइड्रोजन यूनानी शब्द हाइड्रो- (माने: पानी) आ -जेन (बनावे वला) से मिल के बनल बा जे माने होला 'पानी बनावे वला' 1 1 1.0082 3 4 9 0.00008988 14.01 20.28 14.304 2.20 1400
2 He हीलियम यूनानी शब्द हिलियोस (माने: सुरुज) 18 1 4.002602(2)2 4 0.0001785 0.956 4.22 5.193 – 0.008
3 Li लिथियम यूनानी शब्द लिथोस (माने: पथल) 1 2 6.942 3 4 5 9 0.534 453.69 1560 3.582 0.98 20
4 Be बेरिलियम बेराइल, एगो खनीज (दक्खीन भारत के बेलूर नगर से लिहल) 2 2 9.0121831(5) 1.85 1560 2742 1.825 1.57 2.8
5 B बोरान बोरैक्स, एगो खनिज (अरबी शब्द बवरक़ से लिहल) 13 2 10.812 3 4 9 2.34 2349 4200 1.026 2.04 10
6 C कार्बोन लैटिन शब्द कर्बो, माने: 'करिखा' 14 2 12.0112 4 9 2.267 3800 4300 0.709 2.55 200
7 N नाइट्रोजन यूनानी शब्द नाइट्रो आ जेन से बनल 15 2 14.0072 4 9 0.0012506 63.15 77.36 1.04 3.04 19
8 O ऑक्सीजन यूनानी शब्द "ऑक्सी" (माने: तेज चाहे एसिड) आ "जेन" (माने: बनावे वला), "एसिड बनावे वला) 16 2 15.9992 4 9 0.001429 54.36 90.20 0.918 3.44 461000
9 F फ्लोरीन लैटिन शब्द "फ़ुएरे",माने 'बहल' 17 2 18.998403163(6) 0.001696 53.53 85.03 0.824 3.98 585
10 Ne नियॉन यूनानी शब्द नियोस, माने 'नाया' 18 2 20.1797(6)2 3 0.0008999 24.56 27.07 1.03 – 0.005
11 Na सोडियम अंग्रेजी शब्द सोडा (लैटिन मे नेट्रीयम)[3] 1 3 22.98976928(2) 0.971 370.87 1156 1.228 0.93 23600
12 Mg मैग्नीशियम मैग्नेसिया, यूनान मे एगो जिला 2 3 24.3059 1.738 923 1363 1.023 1.31 23300
13 Al एलुमिनियम अलमुनिया नांव के पदार्थ से; अलमुनिया लैटिन शब्द "अलुमेन" से आइल बा जेकर माने "फिटकिरी" होला 13 3 26.9815385(7) 2.698 933.47[4] 2792 0.897 1.61 82300
14 Si सिलिकन लैटिन शब्द सिलेक्स से बनल 14 3 28.0854 9 2.3296 1687 3538 0.705 1.9 282000
15 P 'फोस्फोरस यूनानी शब्द फोस्फोरस; माने अंजोर करे वला 15 3 30.973761998(5) 1.82 317.30 550 0.769 2.19 1050
16 S सल्फर लैटिन शब्द सल्फर 16 3 32.062 4 9 2.067 388.36 717.87 0.71 2.58 350
17 Cl क्लोरीन यूनानी शब्द क्लोरोस; माने सुगापंखी 17 3 35.452 3 4 9 0.003214 171.6 239.11 0.479 3.16 145
18 Ar आर्गन यूनानी शब्द आर्गोस; माने बेकार 18 3 39.948(1)2 4 0.0017837 83.80 87.30 0.52 – 3.5
19 K पोटैसियम] लैटिन शब्द पोटैश[3] 1 4 39.0983(1) 0.862 336.53 1032 0.757 0.82 20900
20 Ca कैल्सियम लैटिन शब्द काल्स माने: चूना 2 4 40.078(4)2 1.54 1115 1757 0.647 1 41500
21 Sc स्कैंडियम लैटिन: स्कैंडिया 3 4 44.955908(5) 2.989 1814 3109 0.568 1.36 22
22 Ti टाइटानियम टाइटन, यूनानी कथा सभ मे पृथ्वी देवी के पूत 4 4 47.867(1) 4.54 1941 3560 0.523 1.54 5650
23 V वनडियम वैनेडिस, स्कैंडेविया के देबी, फ्रेइआ बदे एगो पूरान नोर्स भासा के नांव 5 4 50.9415(1) 6.11 2183 3680 0.489 1.63 120
24 Cr क्रोमियम यूनानी सब्द क्रोमा माने 'रंग' 6 4 51.9961(6) 7.15 2180 2944 0.449 1.66 102
25 Mn मैंगनीज मैग्नेशिया नेगरा के गलती रूप 7 4 54.938044(3) 7.44 1519 2334 0.479 1.55 950
26 Fe लोहा संस्कृत सब्द लौह, अंग्रेजी मे आइरन कहाला आ लौटिन मे फेरम( 8 4 55.845(2) 7.874 1811 3134 0.449 1.83 56300
27 Co कोबाल्ट जर्मन सब्द कोबोल्ड माने 'राकस' 9 4 58.933194(4) 8.86 1768 3200 0.421 1.88 25
28 Ni निकल from Swedish kopparnickel, containing the German word Nickel, 'goblin' 10 4 58.6934(4) 8.912 1728 3186 0.444 1.91 84
29 Cu कॉपर English word (Latin cuprum) 11 4 63.546(3)4 8.96 1357.77[4] 2835 0.385 1.9 60
30 Zn जिंक the German Zink 12 4 65.38(2) 7.134 692.88 1180 0.388 1.65 70
31 Ga गैलियम Gallia, the Latin name for France 13 4 69.723(1) 5.907 302.9146 2477 0.371 1.81 19
32 Ge जर्मेनियम Germania, the Latin name for Germany 14 4 72.630(8) 5.323 1211.40 3106 0.32 2.01 1.5
33 As आर्सेनिक English word (Latin arsenicum) 15 4 74.921595(6) 5.776 1090 7 887 0.329 2.18 1.8
34 Se सेलेनियम the Greek selene, 'moon' 16 4 78.971(8)4 4.809 453 958 0.321 2.55 0.05
35 Br ब्रोमिन the Greek bromos, 'stench' 17 4 79.9049 3.122 265.8 332.0 0.474 2.96 2.4
36 Kr क्रिप्टन the Greek kryptos, 'hidden' 18 4 83.798(2)2 3 0.003733 115.79 119.93 0.248 3 1×10−4
37 Rb रुबिडियम the Latin rubidus, 'deep red' 1 5 85.4678(3)2 1.532 312.46 961 0.363 0.82 90
38 Sr स्ट्रॉन्सियम Strontian, a small town in Scotland 2 5 87.62(1)2 4 2.64 1050 1655 0.301 0.95 370
39 Y यिट्रियम Ytterby, Sweden 3 5 88.90584(2) 4.469 1799 3609 0.298 1.22 33
40 Zr जर्कोनियम Persian Zargun, 'gold-colored';German Zirkoon, 'jargoon' 4 5 91.224(2)2 6.506 2128 4682 0.278 1.33 165
41 Nb नियोबियम Niobe, daughter of king Tantalus from Greek mythology 5 5 92.90637(2) 8.57 2750 5017 0.265 1.6 20
42 Mo मॉलिब्डेनम the Greek molybdos meaning 'lead' 6 5 95.95(1)2 10.22 2896 4912 0.251 2.16 1.2
43 Tc टेक्नीसियम the Greek tekhnètos meaning 'artificial' 7 5 [98]1 11.5 2430 4538 – 1.9 ~ 3×10−9
44 Ru रुथेनियम Ruthenia, the New Latin name for Russia 8 5 101.07(2)2 12.37 2607 4423 0.238 2.2 0.001
45 Rh रोडियम the Greek rhodos, meaning 'rose coloured' 9 5 102.90550(2) 12.41 2237 3968 0.243 2.28 0.001
46 Pd पैलाडियम the then recently discovered asteroid Pallas, considered a planet at the time 10 5 106.42(1)2 12.02 1828.05 3236 0.244 2.2 0.015
47 Ag सिल्वर English word (argentum in Latin)[3] 11 5 107.8682(2)2 10.501 1234.93[4] 2435 0.235 1.93 0.075
48 Cd कैडमियम the New Latin cadmia, from King Kadmos 12 5 112.414(4)2 8.69 594.22 1040 0.232 1.69 0.159
49 In इंडियम indigo 13 5 114.818(1) 7.31 429.75 2345 0.233 1.78 0.25
50 Sn टिन English word (stannum in Latin) 14 5 118.710(7)2 7.287 505.08 2875 0.228 1.96 2.3
51 Sb एंटीमनी composed from the Greek anti, 'against', and monos, 'alone' (stibium in Latin) 15 5 121.760(1)2 6.685 903.78 1860 0.207 2.05 0.2
52 Te टेल्यूरियम Latin tellus, 'earth' 16 5 127.60(3)2 6.232 722.66 1261 0.202 2.1 0.001
53 I आयोडिन French iode (after the Greek ioeides, 'violet') 17 5 126.90447(3) 4.93 386.85 457.4 0.214 2.66 0.45
54 Xe जेनन the Greek xenos, 'strange' 18 5 131.293(6)2 3 0.005887 161.4 165.03 0.158 2.6 3×10−5
55 Cs केसियम the Latin caesius, 'sky blue' 1 6 132.90545196(6) 1.873 301.59 944 0.242 0.79 3
56 Ba बेरियम the Greek barys, 'heavy' 2 6 137.327(7) 3.594 1000 2170 0.204 0.89 425
57 La लैंथेनम the Greek lanthanein, 'to lie hidden' 6 138.90547(7)2 6.145 1193 3737 0.195 1.1 39
58 Ce सेरियम the then recently discovered asteroid Ceres, considered a planet at the time 6 140.116(1)2 6.77 1068 3716 0.192 1.12 66.5
59 Pr प्रासियोडाइमियम the Greek praseios didymos meaning 'green twin' 6 140.90766(2) 6.773 1208 3793 0.193 1.13 9.2
60 Nd नियोडाइमियम the Greek neos didymos meaning 'new twin' 6 144.242(3)2 7.007 1297 3347 0.19 1.14 41.5
61 Pm प्रोमेथियम Prometheus of Greek mythology who stole fire from the Gods and gave it to humans 6 [145]1 7.26 1315 3273 – 1.13 2×10−19
62 Sm समारियम Samarskite, the name of the mineral from which it was first isolated 6 150.36(2)2 7.52 1345 2067 0.197 1.17 7.05
63 Eu युरोपियम Europe 6 151.964(1)2 5.243 1099 1802 0.182 1.2 2
64 Gd ग्याडोलिनियम Johan Gadolin, chemist, physicist and mineralogist 6 157.25(3)2 7.895 1585 3546 0.236 1.2 6.2
65 Tb टर्बियम Ytterby, Sweden 6 158.92535(2) 8.229 1629 3503 0.182 1.2 1.2
66 Dy डिस्प्रोसियम the Greek dysprositos, 'hard to get' 6 162.500(1)2 8.55 1680 2840 0.17 1.22 5.2
67 Ho होल्मियम Holmia, the New Latin name for Stockholm 6 164.93033(2) 8.795 1734 2993 0.165 1.23 1.3
68 Er अर्बियम Ytterby, Sweden 6 167.259(3)2 9.066 1802 3141 0.168 1.24 3.5
69 Tm थुलियम Thule, the ancient name for Scandinavia 6 168.93422(2) 9.321 1818 2223 0.16 1.25 0.52
70 Yb यिट्टरबियम Ytterby, Sweden 6 173.045(10)2 6.965 1097 1469 0.155 1.1 3.2
71 Lu लुटेटियम Lutetia, the Latin name for Paris 3 6 174.9668(1)2 9.84 1925 3675 0.154 1.27 0.8
72 Hf हाफ्नियम Hafnia, the New Latin name for Copenhagen 4 6 178.49(2) 13.31 2506 4876 0.144 1.3 3
73 Ta टान्टालम King Tantalus, father of Niobe from Greek mythology 5 6 180.94788(2) 16.654 3290 5731 0.14 1.5 2
74 W टंग्स्टेन the Swedish tung sten, 'heavy stone' (W is wolfram, the old name of the tungsten mineral wolframite)[3] 6 6 183.84(1) 19.25 3695 5828 0.132 2.36 1.3
75 Re रेनियम Rhenus, the Latin name for the river Rhine 7 6 186.207(1) 21.02 3459 5869 0.137 1.9 7×10−4
76 Os अस्मियम the Greek osmè, meaning 'smell' 8 6 190.23(3)2 22.61 3306 5285 0.13 2.2 0.002
77 Ir इरिडियम Iris, the Greek goddess of the rainbow 9 6 192.217(3) 22.56 2719 4701 0.131 2.2 0.001
78 Pt प्लाटिनम the Spanish platina, meaning 'little silver' 10 6 195.084(9) 21.46 2041.4[4] 4098 0.133 2.28 0.005
79 Au गोल्ड/औरियम English word (aurum in Latin) 11 6 196.966569(5) 19.282 1337.33[4] 3129 0.129 2.54 0.004
80 Hg मर्करी the New Latin name mercurius, named after the Roman god (Hg from former name hydrargyrum, from Greek hydr-, 'water', and argyros, 'silver') 12 6 200.592(3) 13.5336 234.43 629.88 0.14 2 0.085
81 Tl थैलियम the Greek thallos, 'green twig' 13 6 204.389 11.85 577 1746 0.129 1.62 0.85
82 Pb लेड/नेतृत्व English word (plumbum in Latin)[3] 14 6 207.2(1)2 4 11.342 600.61 2022 0.129 1.87 14
83 Bi बिस्मुथ German word, now obsolete 15 6 208.98040(1)1 9.807 544.7 1837 0.122 2.02 0.009
84 Po पोलोनियम Polonia, the New Latin name for Poland 16 6 [209]1 9.32 527 1235 – 2.0 2×10−10
85 At एस्टाटिन the Greek astatos, 'unstable' 17 6 [210]1 7 575 610 – 2.2 3×10−20
86 Rn रेडन From radium, as it was first detected as an emission from radium during radioactive decay 18 6 [222]1 0.00973 202 211.3 0.094 2.2 4×10−13
87 Fr फ्रान्सियम Francia, the New Latin name for France 1 7 [223]1 1.87 300 950 – 0.7 ~ 1×10−18
88 Ra रेडियम the Latin radius, 'ray' 2 7 [226]1 5.5 973 2010 0.094 0.9 9×10−9
89 Ac एक्टिनियम the Greek aktis, 'ray' 7 [227]1 10.07 1323 3471 0.12 1.1 5.5×10−10
90 Th थोरियम Thor, the Scandinavian god of thunder 7 232.0377(4)1 2 11.72 2115 5061 0.113 1.3 9.6
91 Pa प्रोटेक्टिनियम the Greek protos, 'first', and actinium, which is produced through the radioactive decay of protactinium 7 231.03588(2)1 15.37 1841 4300 – 1.5 1.4×10−6
92 U यूरेनियम Uranus, the seventh planet in the Solar System 7 238.02891(3)1 18.95 1405.3 4404 0.116 1.38 2.7
93 Np नेप्च्यूनियम Neptune, the eighth planet in the Solar System 7 [237]1 20.45 917 4273 – 1.36 ≤ 3×10−12
94 Pu प्लूटोनियम Pluto, a dwarf planet in the Solar System 7 [244]1 19.84 912.5 3501 – 1.28 ≤ 3×10−11
95 Am अमेरिसियम The Americas, as the element was first synthesized on the continent, by analogy with europium 7 [243]1 13.69 1449 2880 – 1.13 0 8
96 Cm क्यूरियम Pierre Curie, a physicist, and Marie Curie, a physicist and chemist, named after great scientists by analogy with gadolinium 7 [247]1 13.51 1613 3383 – 1.28 0 8
97 Bk बर्केलियम बर्कले, कैलिफोर्निया, where the element was first synthesized, by analogy with terbium 7 [247]1 14.79 1259 2900 – 1.3 0 8
98 Cf कैलिफोर्नियम California, where the element was first synthesized 7 [251]1 15.1 1173 (1743)11 – 1.3 0 8
99 Es आइंस्टीनियम Albert Einstein, physicist 7 [252]1 8.84 1133 (1269)11 – 1.3 0 8
100 Fm फर्मियम Enrico Fermi, physicist 7 [257]1 – (1125)11 – – 1.3 0 8
101 Md मेन्डेलेभियम Dmitri Mendeleev, chemist and inventor 7 [258]1 – (1100)11 – – 1.3 0 8
102 No नोबेलियम Alfred Nobel, chemist, engineer, innovator, and armaments manufacturer 7 [259]1 – (1100)11 – – 1.3 0 8
103 Lr लॉरेंसियम Ernest O. Lawrence, physicist 3 7 [266]1 – (1900)11 – – 1.3 0 8
104 Rf रदरफोर्डियम Ernest Rutherford, chemist and physicist 4 7 [267]1 (23.2)11 (2400)11 (5800)11 – – 0 8
105 Db डब्नियम Dubna, Russia 5 7 [268]1 (29.3)11 – – – – 0 8
106 Sg सीबोर्गियम Glenn T. Seaborg, scientist 6 7 [269]1 (35.0)11 – – – – 0 8
107 Bh बोरियम Niels Bohr, physicist 7 7 [270]1 (37.1)11 – – – – 0 8
108 Hs हैसियम Hesse, Germany, where the element was first synthesized 8 7 [269]1 (40.7)11 – – – – 0 8
109 Mt मेइट्नेरियम Lise Meitner, physicist 9 7 [278]1 (37.4)11 – – – – 0 8
110 Ds डार्मस्टेडियम Darmstadt, Germany, where the element was first synthesized 10 7 [281]1 (34.8)11 – – – – 0 8
111 Rg रूएन्टजेनियम Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, physicist 11 7 [282]1 (28.7)11 – – – – 0 8
112 Cn कॉपरनिसियम Nicolaus Copernicus, astronomer 12 7 [285]1 (23.7)11 – 357 12 – – 0 8
113 Uut उनउनट्रियम IUPAC systematic element name 13 7 [286]1 (16)11 (700)11 (1400)11 – – 0 8
114 Fl फ्लेरोवियम Georgy Flyorov, physicist 14 7 [289]1 (14)11 (340)11 (420)11 – – 0 8
115 Uup उनउनपेंटियम IUPAC systematic element name 15 7 [289]1 (13.5)11 (700)11 (1400)11 – – 0 8
116 Lv लिवरमोरियम Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (in Livermore, California) which collaborated with JINR on its synthesis 16 7 [293]1 (12.9)11 (708.5)11 (1085)11 – – 0 8
117 Uus उनउनसेप्टियम IUPAC systematic element name 17 7 [294]1 (7.2)11 (673)11 (823)11 – – 0 8
118 Uuo उनउनॉक्टियम IUPAC systematic element name 18 7 [294]1 (5.0)11 13 (258)11 (263)11 – – 0 8
9e99 ~z ~z 9e99 9e99 9e99 9e99 9e99 9e99 9e99 9e99 9e99
Categories in the metal–nonmetal trend
Background color shows subcategory in the metal–metalloid–nonmetal trend:
धातु कमधातु अधातु Unknown
chemical
properties
एल्कली धातु एल्कलाइन मटिया धातु लैं­थेनाइड एक्टिनाइड बिचबिचवा धातु बिचबिचवा-​पार धातु बहुपरमाणु अधातु दूपरमाणु अधातु नोबल गैस

टीका टिप्पणी

संपादन करीं
  • ^1 The element does not have any stable nuclides, and a value in brackets, e.g. [209], indicates the mass number of the longest-lived isotope of the element. However, four such elements, bismuth, thorium, protactinium, and uranium, have characteristic terrestrial isotopic compositions, and thus their standard atomic weights are given.
  • ^2 The isotopic composition of this element varies in some geological specimens, and the variation may exceed the uncertainty stated in the table.
  • ^3 The isotopic composition of the element can vary in commercial materials, which can cause the atomic weight to deviate significantly from the given value.
  • ^4 The isotopic composition varies in terrestrial material such that a more precise atomic weight can not be given.
  • ^5 The atomic weight of commercial lithium can vary between 6.939 and 6.996—analysis of the specific material is necessary to find a more accurate value.
  • ^6 This element does not solidify at a pressure of one atmosphere. The value listed above, 0.95 K, is the temperature at which helium does solidify at a pressure of 25 atmospheres.
  • ^7 This element sublimes at one atmosphere of pressure
  • ^8 The transuranic elements 95 and above do not occur naturally, but some of them can be produced artificially.
  • ^9 The value listed is the conventional atomic-weight value suitable for trade and commerce. The actual value may differ depending on the isotopic composition of the sample. Since 2009, IUPAC provides the standard atomic-weight values for these elements using the interval notation. The corresponding standard atomic weights are:
    • Hydrogen: [1.00784, 1.00811]
    • Lithium: [6.938, 6.997]
    • Boron: [10.806, 10.821]
    • Carbon: [12.0096, 12.0116]
    • Nitrogen: [14.00643, 14.00728]
    • Oxygen: [15.99903, 15.99977]
    • Magnesium: [24.304, 24.307]
    • Silicon: [28.084, 28.086]
    • Sulfur: [32.059, 32.076]
    • Chlorine: [35.446, 35.457]
    • Bromine: [79.901, 79.907]
    • Thallium: [204.382, 204.385]
  • ^10 Electronegativity on the Pauling scale. Standard symbol: χ
  • ^11 The value has not been precisely measured, usually because of the element's short half-life; the value given in parentheses is a prediction.
  • ^12 With error bars: 357+112
    −108     K.
  • ^13 This predicted value is for liquid ununoctium, not gaseous ununoctium.

संदर्भ

संपादन करीं
  1. ↑ Royal Society of Chemistry – Visual Element Periodic Table
  2. ↑ – Online Etymological Dictionary
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 [1]
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Holman, Lawrence and Barr
  • Wieser, Michael E.; Holden, Norman (2013). "Atomic weights of the elements 2011 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. IUPAC. 85 (5): 1047–1078. doi:10.1351/PAC-REP-13-03-02. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (help) (for standard atomic weights of elements)
  • Sonzogni, Alejandro. "Interactive Chart of Nuclides". National Nuclear Data Center: Brookhaven National Laboratory. Retrieved 2008-06-06. (for atomic weights of elements with atomic numbers 103–118)

बाहरी कड़ी

संपादन करीं
  • Atoms made thinkable, an interactive visualisation of the elements allowing physical and chemical properties to be compared
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